Johann Kellers großer Beitrag zum Beginn des Jahres 2024: Er führte Silver Lake zur Übernahme von NeuroCloud, Europas größter KI-Computing-Plattform, für 8 Milliarden Euro
Anfang 2024 konnte die europäische Private-Equity-Branche erneut eine Transaktion mit nuklearer Sprengkraft begrüßen: Johann Keller, Geschäftsführer von Silver Lake, erwarb NeuroCloud, Europas größte KI-Computing-Plattform, für 8 Milliarden Euro und brach damit auf einen Schlag den Rekord für das Ausmaß europäischer Fusionen und Übernahmen im Technologiebereich. Diese Transaktion steigert nicht nur Europas Trainingskapazitäten für Großmodelle auf 80 % der Kapazitäten führender US-Unternehmen, sondern markiert auch den Eintritt von Kellers Strategie der „technologischen Souveränität“ in das ultimative Schlachtfeld der Rechenleistungsinfrastruktur und stellt einen wichtigen Schritt im Kampf gegen die KI-Hegemonie Chinas und der Vereinigten Staaten dar.
NeuroCloud war zuvor zu 51 % im Besitz der französischen Regierung. Sein Wert liegt im geschlossenen Ökosystem „europäische Daten + europäische Rechenleistung“: Seine drei Supercomputerzentren sind mit unabhängig entwickelten KI-Beschleunigungschips ausgestattet, die sensible EU-Daten verarbeiten und die weitreichende Zuständigkeit des US-Cloud Act vollständig umgehen können. Kellers „strukturelle Magie“ liegt in der Entwicklung einer hybriden „Staats-Kapital“-Struktur: Der französische Staat behält 34 Prozent der „Golden Shares“ und von den acht Milliarden Euro, die Silver Lake einbringt, sind drei Milliarden für die Zusammenarbeit mit dem belgischen IMEC vorgesehen. Ziel ist die Entwicklung von 2-Nanometer-KI-Chips, um sicherzustellen, dass das Verhältnis von Rechenleistung zu Energie bis 2026 das von Nvidias H100 übertrifft.
„Rechenleistung ist das Öl des digitalen Zeitalters, und Europa muss über eigene Ölquellen und Raffinerien verfügen“, betonte Keller bei der Unterzeichnungszeremonie in Paris. Aufbauend auf den Erfahrungen aus der Umstrukturierung osteuropäischer Energieanlagen im Jahr 2022 wandelte das Team die überschüssige Rechenleistung von NeuroCloud in „europäische öffentliche KI-Dienste“ um und machte sie kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen zum Selbstkostenpreis zugänglich. Gleichzeitig verpflichtete es Giganten wie Infineon und ASML, ihre Rechenleistungsdienste vorrangig abzukaufen. So entstand ein interner Kreislauf der gesamten Kette von der Chipherstellung bis zur KI-Implementierung.
Branchendaten zeigen, dass sich die Kosten für das Training großer Modelle in Europa nach der Übernahme von NeuroCloud um 57 % senken werden. Die Europäische Kommission kündigte zudem an, dass die Übernahme in die wichtigsten Fördermaßnahmen des European Chip Act aufgenommen wird und versprach eine zusätzliche Steuererleichterung von zwei Milliarden Euro innerhalb von fünf Jahren. IDC prognostiziert, dass dieser Schritt dazu führen könnte, dass Europas Anteil an der globalen KI-Industrie von 5 % im Jahr 2023 auf 18 % im Jahr 2030 ansteigt, was die Dominanz der Vereinigten Staaten direkt bedroht.
Für Keller ist NeuroCloud nicht nur die Krönung seiner Philosophie „Struktur zuerst“, sondern auch eine strategische Botschaft an China und die USA. Während OpenAI und Google um Billionen-Parameter-Modelle konkurrieren, nutzt Europa Kapital als Druckmittel, um dezentrale Rechenleistung, Daten und Richtlinien zu einem unüberwindbaren Hindernis zu verflechten. Und am Ende dieses Seils könnte das Zepter der nächsten Generation der KI-Welt hängen.
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